The George Floyd Switcharoo
How government relief for riot-damaged corridors became a fraud incubator
GF_SWITCHAROO_INVESTIGATION
├─ corridors_analyzed 5 (Lake, Broadway, Chicago, Nicollet, Franklin)
├─ fraud_pattern_businesses 89
├─ fraud_pattern_ppp $27.7M
├─ fraud_hub_buildings 7 identified
├─ hub_ppp_concentration $6.2M
├─ post_riot_construction $89.5M
└─ fof_connection Kadiye network ($1.16M PPP)
$27.7 Million to Fraud-Prone Industries
89 businesses in fraud-susceptible industries (home health, daycare, adult day care) received $27.7 million in PPP loans on riot-damaged corridors. Many are concentrated at "fraud hub" addresses where multiple entities share a single building.
What is this investigation
The destruction following George Floyd's murder in May 2020 created a vacuum—and opportunists rushed to fill it. This investigation analyzes PPP loans, property records, and grant data to reveal how fraud-prone industries flooded the riot corridors with government money while legitimate businesses struggled to rebuild.
The pattern mirrors the Feeding Our Future scheme: shell companies clustered at shared addresses, claiming implausible employee counts, billing government programs for services that may never have been rendered. The same family networks appear in both schemes.
Five Daycares, One Building: 312 W Lake St
A single address on Lake Street houses five separate daycare operations that collectively received $356,000 in PPP:
- • Gedi Adult Daycare Corporation: $105,200
- • Minnesota Childcare Center Inc: $100,597
- • Tayo Daycare Inc: $75,900
- • Nuna Childcare Center Inc: $42,232
- • Intisar Childcare Center Inc: $31,697
This clustering pattern is a hallmark of billing fraud—multiple "separate" businesses operating from the same location to maximize government payments.
Fraud Hub Buildings on Riot Corridors
| Address | Name | Businesses | Total PPP | Key Tenant |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1433 E Franklin Ave | Franklin Ave Fraud Hub | 2 | $2.7M | Midwest Quality Home Care ($2.6M, 500 jobs) |
| 312 W Lake St | West Lake Mall | 5 | $356K | 5 daycares: Gedi, MN Childcare, Tayo, Intisar, Nuna |
| 1516 E Lake St | Karmel Square (Somali Mall) | 2 | $123K | Alpha Home Health + Lakes Adult Day Care |
| 1229 E Lake St | Kadiye Network Hub | 4 | $1.3M | Comfort Services LLC ($1.1M, Gandi Kediye) |
| 125 W Broadway | Broadway Hub | 1 | $508K | HealthMax Home Health Care Services |
| 2100 W Broadway | Broadway Commercial | 1 | $248K | Caring Heart Home Healthcare |
| 2910 Pillsbury Ave S | 53-Entity Building | 53 | $955K | Isra Home Care + 52 others |
| Total at Hub Addresses | 68 | $6.2M | ||
FOF Connection: The Kadiye Network
The Kadiye family name appears in both the Feeding Our Future prosecution and PPP loan recipients on the riot corridors. Abdikadir Kadiye was charged in the FOF case; the family also operates home health and logistics businesses that received PPP:
| Entity | Address | PPP | Jobs | Connection |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comfort Services LLC | 1229 E Lake St | $1.1M | 150 | Gandi Kediye (registered agent) |
| Kadiye Logistics Inc | Burnsville | $31K | 16 | Family business |
| Miski Kadiye | Minneapolis | $28K | 2 | Double-dipped (2 loans) |
Comfort Services LLC at 1229 E Lake St claimed 150 home health employees while operating from a small commercial suite. The registered agent "Gandi Kediye" shares the distinctive family surname with FOF defendant Abdikadir Kadiye.
Fraud-Pattern Industries on Riot Corridors
| Industry | NAICS | Businesses | Total PPP | % of Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Health Care | 621610 | 42 | $16.8M | 60.8% |
| Other Social Services | 624190 | 14 | $5.9M | 21.2% |
| Adult Day Care | 624120 | 7 | $3.2M | 11.7% |
| Child Day Care | 624410 | 23 | $1.7M | 6.1% |
| Nursing Care | 623110 | 1 | $34K | 0.1% |
| Mental Health | 621112 | 2 | $29K | 0.1% |
| Total | 89 | $27.7M | 100% | |
Home health care alone accounts for 60% of fraud-pattern PPP on the corridors.
Post-Riot Construction ($92M)
Properties built or rebuilt 2020-2024 on riot corridors. These represent the "rebuild" that government funds were supposed to support.
| Address | Owner | Year | Value | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3536 Nicollet Ave | 3536 NICOLLET LLC | 2022 | $34.0M | Luxury Apartments |
| 500 W Lake St | 500 WEST LAKE STREET APTS LP | 2021 | $23.2M | Apartments |
| 1516 E Lake St | KARMEL SQUARE LLC | 2021 | $23.6M | Somali Mall |
| 3121 Lake St E | RICE FAMILY LTD PTNRSHP | 2022 | $3.6M | Walgreens |
| 2610 Lake St E | MINNEHAHA HOLDING ASSOC | 2021 | $2.4M | Commercial |
| 2906 Chicago Ave | AFC ENTERPRISES (Popeyes) | 2022 | $1.6M | Fast Food |
| 2726 Lake St E | GRAY DOG HOLDINGS | 2020 | $1.1M | Commercial |
The Switcharoo: What Happened
Before: May 2020
- • Retail shops
- • Restaurants
- • Service businesses
- • Community organizations
During: 2020-2021
- • PPP funds distributed
- • Insurance payouts
- • Grant programs launched
- • Properties change hands
After: 2022-Present
- • 42 home health agencies
- • 23 daycare centers
- • 7 adult day care facilities
- • Medicaid billing machines
The riots didn't just destroy buildings; they created an opportunity for organized fraud to embed itself in the reconstruction, funded by the very government programs meant to help the community recover.
Timeline
Questions This Investigation Raises
- • Why did 89 fraud-pattern businesses receive PPP on riot corridors with minimal scrutiny?
- • How did multiple daycare/home health operations end up clustered at single addresses?
- • Why does the Kadiye family appear in both FOF prosecutions AND corridor PPP recipients?
- • Are the 42 home health agencies on corridors billing Medicaid for legitimate services?
- • Who owns the properties housing these fraud hub buildings?
Data Sources
- • PPP Loans: SBA PPP Loan Forgiveness Data (public)
- • Property Records: Hennepin County ArcGIS REST API
- • Damage Assessment: City of Minneapolis official damage list
- • FOF Defendants: DOJ press releases and indictments
- • Business Registrations: Minnesota Secretary of State
Related Investigations
Investigation ID: SS-2026-GF-SWITCHAROO | Last updated: January 2026 | All data from public sources. This investigation identifies patterns; it does not allege that any specific business committed fraud. Some businesses may be operating legitimately.